Poetry, Latin: From the Beginnings through the End of the. Philosophy, Dialectic in Ancient Greek and Roman To begin to look at graphic scansion, we first must look at a couple of symbols that are used to scan a poem. For a discussion of the others, I refer you to Fussell, page 18. Since the most commonly and most easily used is graphic, we will use it in our discussion. Maritime Archaeology of the Ancient Mediterranean There are three kinds of scansion: the graphic, the musical and the acoustic. Latin Paleography, Editing, and the Transmission of Classi. History of Modern Classical Scholarship (Since 1750), The Greek Domestic Architecture c. 800 bce to c. 100 bce Users without a subscription are not able to see the full content onĪrt and Archaeology, Research Resources for Classicalīilingualism and Multilingualism in the Roman Worldīronze Age Aegean, Death and Burial in theĬlassical Architecture in Europe and North America since 1.Ĭlassical Architecture in Renaissance and Early Modern Eur.Ĭlassical Art History, History of Scholarship of Introduction to Terence and the central issues raised by the prologues and the plays. Originally published in 1932 (New York: Longmans, Green). Introductory stronger on Terence than Plautus. Boston: Twayne.Ī general survey designed as an introduction includes plot summaries and discussion of structure, characters, and themes. Second edition includes foreword and bibliographical appendix by Richard Hunter.įorehand, Walter E. Still a standard work, with full discussion of the origins, nature, staging, themes, characters, and language of Roman comedy. The nature of Roman comedy: A study in popular entertainment. This essential literary history discusses Terence at on pages 92–103.ĭuckworth, George E. Solodow, revised by Don Fowler and Glenn W. Covers origins, dramatists, genres, organization of staging, spectators, and actors.Ĭhiarini, Gioachino. Still the standard account in English of the practicalities of the Roman stage under the Republic. The Roman stage: A short history of Latin drama in the time of the Republic. Conte 1994 is essential orientation for undergraduates.īeare, William. This is caused when there is a break in words in the middle of a foot.For brief introductions, see Norwood 1963, Sandbach 1982, Forehand 1985, and Chiarini 2004, as well as the general books on Roman Comedy listed in the forthcoming bibliography on “Latin Drama.” Beare 1964 and, above all, Duckworth 1994 remain indispensable. In some poetic meters, such as dactylic hexameter, there is also a main caesura in every line written as (˄). The pattern of feet then determines the meter. A line of Latin verse is divided into feet depending on the pattern of long and short syllables. Scansion is a fancy literary term that simply means discovering the meter (or underlying structure) of a poem by marking where the stresses naturally fall. These rules are demonstrated in the following words taken from the extract above:Īs mentioned, Latin poetry depends on the length of syllables rather than their stress accent. Unlike English there are fairly consistent rules to work out where the stress accent is placed in Latin words.ġ)ğor words of two syllables, the accent usually goes on the second last syllable.Ģ)ğor words of more than two syllables where the second last syllable is long, the accent goes on the second last syllable.ģ)ğor words of more than two syllables where the second last syllable is short, the accent goes on the third last syllable. The stress accent is determined by the length of the syllables but not the same as it. This is where the natural emphasis goes when speaking. The long syllable at the end of novum is caused by the two consonants (m and l) following it whereas the long syllable at the end of dono has to be long by nature as there is only one consonant following it.Īs well as long and short syllables Latin also has a stress accent, like English. The following line is from Poem 1 by Catullus in hendecasyllables. If a vowel is followed by two consonants, then the syllable will be long irrespective of the nature of the vowel. On the other hand, if a syllable is long by position, the consonants around the vowel sound determine the syllables length, rather than the syllable itself. If a syllable is long by nature that means that the vowel sound is long and pronounced differently to its short counterpart (e.g.). A syllable’s length is determined by both its nature and its position. All syllables are either one or the other. The two different lengths for syllables are long (indicated by a macron ˉ ) and short (indicated by a breve ˇ ). The metre of Latin poetry, unlike English poetry, is dependent on the length of the syllables rather than their accent. All latin syllables are either long or short and stressed or unstressed.
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